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. 2023 May 9;12(5):690. doi: 10.3390/biology12050690

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Characterization of podocyte cell culture medium EVs. (A) Graph showing the NTA results with the concentration and size of EV particles. (B) TEM micrographs of CD9 (6 nm) and CD63 (15 nm) with immunogold labelling. (C) Western blot analysis of EV markers (TSG101; CD9, syntenin, CD63) and cell organelle markers (calnexin and GM130) in EV and CP. CNT: control; CNT scr: control scramble; CP; cell pellet; EV: extracellular vesicles; GM130: Golgi matrix protein 130; NG: normal glucose; NTA: nanoparticle tracking analysis; HG: high glucose; siRab3A: Rab3A siRNA; siRab27A: Rab27A siRNA; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TSG101: tumour susceptibility gene 101 protein. N = 5 for each group.