Table 3.
Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of mortality according to energy-adjusted dietary total antioxidant capacity.
| Energy-Adjusted Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity (Diet + Dietary Supplements) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quintile 1 (n = 93,746) |
Quintile 2 (n = 93,747) |
Quintile 3 (n = 93,747) |
Quintile 4 (n = 93,747) |
Quintile 5 (n = 93,746) |
p for Trend | |
| Median (range) | 221.2 (8.9–303) |
378.9 (303–462.4) |
564.9 (462.4–707.8) |
893.7 (707.8–1132.4) |
1543.3 (1132.4–5926.6) |
|
| All-cause mortality | ||||||
| Model 1 1 | 1.00 | 0.88 (0.87–0.89) | 0.85 (0.84–0.86) | 0.85 (0.84–0.86) | 0.83 (0.82–0.84) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 2 | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.94–0.97) | 0.95 (0.94–0.96) | 0.96 (0.95–0.97) | 0.97 (0.96–0.99) | 0.1688 |
| CVD mortality | ||||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.88–0.92) | 0.88 (0.86–0.90) | 0.88 (0.86–0.90) | 0.87 (0.86–0.89) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.97 (0.95–0.996) | 0.98 (0.95–1.00) | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) | 1.02 (0.99–1.04) | 0.0043 |
| Cancer mortality | ||||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.85 (0.83–0.87) | 0.83 (0.81–0.85) | 0.82 (0.80–0.84) | 0.80 (0.78–0.82) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.91–0.95) | 0.92 (0.90–0.95) | 0.92 (0.89–0.94) | 0.93 (0.90–0.95) | <0.0001 |
| Energy-adjusted total antioxidant capacity from diet only | ||||||
| Quintile 1 (n = 93,746) |
Quintile 2 (n = 93,747) |
Quintile 3 (n = 93,747) |
Quintile 4 (n = 93,747) |
Quintile 5 (n = 93,746) |
p for trend | |
| Median (range) | 170.6 (8–225.4) |
272 (225.4–316.3) |
362.5 (316.3–414.4) |
477.6 (414.4–562.8) |
709.4 (562.8–3908.3) |
|
| All-cause mortality | ||||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.85 (0.84–0.86) | 0.81 (0.80–0.82) | 0.80 (0.79–0.81) | 0.80 (0.79–0.81) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.92–0.94) | 0.92 (0.91–0.93) | 0.92 (0.90–0.93) | 0.93 (0.92–0.94) | <0.0001 |
| CVD mortality | ||||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.87 (0.85–0.89) | 0.84 (0.82–0.86) | 0.84 (0.83–0.86) | 0.85 (0.84–0.87) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.94 (0.92–0.97) | 0.93 (0.91–0.95) | 0.95 (0.93–0.98) | 0.97 (0.94–0.99) | 0.2122 |
| Cancer mortality | ||||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.82 (0.80–0.84) | 0.78 (0.77–0.80) | 0.76 (0.74–0.78) | 0.76 (0.75–0.78) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.91 (0.89–0.94) | 0.90 (0.88–0.92) | 0.88 (0.86–0.91) | 0.90 (0.88–0.92) | <0.0001 |
| Energy-adjusted total antioxidant capacity from dietary supplements only | ||||||
| Non-consumer (n = 153,024) |
Tertile 1 (n = 105,236) |
Tertile 2 (n = 105,237) |
Tertile 3 (n = 105,236) |
p for trend | ||
| Median (range) | 0 (0–0) | 58.2 (0–103.3) | 276.5 (103.3–555) | 938 (555–3345.8) | ||
| All-cause mortality | ||||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.94–0.96) | 0.90 (0.89–0.91) | 0.92 (0.91–0.93) | <0.0001 | |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.99 (0.98–0.998) | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.2513 | |
| CVD mortality | ||||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.90–0.94) | 0.91 (0.90–0.93) | 0.93 (0.91–0.94) | <0.0001 | |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.96–0.997) | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | 0.0002 | |
| Cancer mortality | ||||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.93–0.97) | 0.89 (0.87–0.90) | 0.91 (0.89–0.93) | <0.0001 | |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.96–1.01) | 0.94 (0.92–0.96) | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) | 0.0190 | |
1 Model 1 included age and sex. 2 Model 2 additionally included race/ethnicity, body mass index, marital status, alcoholic beverage intake, smoking, physical activity, history of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes, and total energy intake.