Table 1.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
| Parameters | General Cohort (n = 500) | AKI Group (n = 190) | No AKI Group (n = 310) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 73 [63; 80] | 76 [65.75; 82] | 71.5 [59; 79] | 0.001 |
| Men, n (%) | 231 (46.2%) | 104 (54.7%) | 127 (41%) | 0.003 |
| Comorbidities: | ||||
| AH, n (%) | 362 (72.4%) | 151 (79.5%) | 211 (68.1%) | 0.006 |
| DM, n (%) | 124 (24.8%) | 53 (27.9%) | 71 (22.9%) | 0.21 |
| History of MI, n (%) | 50 (10%) | 29 (15.3%) | 21 (6.8%) | 0.002 |
| AF, n (%) | 74 (14.8%) | 38 (20%) | 36 (11.6%) | 0.01 |
| CKD C3-4, n (%) | 117 (23.4%) | 57 (30%) | 60 (19.4%) | 0.008 |
| CHD III-IV FC, n (%) | 47 (9.4%) | 35 (18.4%) | 12 (3.9%) | 0.0001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.4 [25.4; 32] | 28.9 [25.8; 32.9] | 28.1 [25.15; 31.7] | 0.197 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 188 (37.6%) | 78 (41.1%) | 110 (35.5%) | 0.154 |
| Maximum area of lung damage on chest CT: |
0.0001 |
|||
| No pneumonia, n (%) | 5 (1%) | 2 (1.1%) | 3 (1%) | |
| Less than 25%, n (%) | 98 (19.6%) | 31 (16.3%) | 67 (21.6%) | |
| 25–50%, n (%) | 191 (38.2%) | 61 (32.1%) | 130 (41.9%) | |
| 51–75%, n (%) | 150 (30%) | 54 (28.4%) | 81 (26.1%) | |
| More than 75%, n (%) | 50 (10%) | 11 (5.8%) | 8 (2.6%) | |
| Oxygen saturation on admission, % | 95 [92; 96] | 94 [91; 96] | 95 [93; 96] | 0.024 |
| AKI, n (%) | 190 (38%) | |||
| Stage 1, n (%) | 151 (79.5%) | |||
| Stage 2, n (%) | 25 (13.1%) | |||
| Stage 3, n (%) | 14 (7.4%) | |||
| Respiratory support |
0.0001 |
|||
| Oxygen insufflation, n (%) | 194 (38.8%) | 74 (38.9%) | 120 (38.7%) | |
| Mechanical ventilation: | ||||
| Non-invasive, n (%) | 8 (1.6%) | 8 (4.2%) | - | |
| Invasive, n (%) | 50 (10%) | 43 (22.6%) | 7 (2.3%) | |
| Glucocorticoids, n (%), | 357 (71.4%) | 135 (71.1%) | 222 (71.6%) | 0.893 |
| Antibiotics, n (%) | 325 (65%) | 157 (82.6%) | 168 (54.2%) | 0.0001 |
| Beta-lactames/fluorochinolones, n (%) | 285 (57%) | 126 (25.2%) | 159 (31.8%) | 0.0001 |
| Amikacine/Vancomycine/Colistine/, n (%) | 40 (8%) | 37 (19.5%) | 3 (1%) | 0.0001 |
| Immunobiological drugs (tocilizumab, olokizumab, levilimab), n (%) | 108 (21.6%) | 55 (28.9%) | 53 (17.1%) | 0.002 |
| Hydroxychloroquine, n (%) | 83 (16.6%) | 42 (22.1%) | 41 (13.2%) | 0.01 |
| Azithromycine, n (%) | 71 (14.2%) | 35 (18.4%) | 36 (11.6%) | 0.01 |
| Diuretics, n (%) | 104 (20.8%) | 50 (26.3%) | 54 (17.4%) | 0.02 |
| iACE/ARB, n (%) | 217 (43.4%) | 79 (41.6%) | 138 (44.5%) | 0.461 |
| Metformin, n (%) | 67 (13.4%) | 24 (12.6%) | 43 (13.9%) | 0.03 |
| Inotropes, n (%) | 33 (6.6%) | 29 (15.3%) | 4 (1.3%) | 0.001 |
| ICU admission, n (%) | 76 (15.2%) | 65 (34.2%) | 11 (3.5%) | 0.0001 |
| Outcomes: |
0.0001 |
|||
| Discharged, n (%) | 416 (83.2%) | 123 (64.7%) | 293 (94.5%) | |
| Died, n (%) | 84 (16.8%) | 67 (35.3%) | 17 (5.5%) | |
| Duration of hospitalization, days | 12 [9; 15] | 14 [10; 18] | 11 [9; 14] | 0.0001 |