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. 2023 May 12;12(5):1089. doi: 10.3390/antiox12051089

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Cytotoxicity assay of Piper nigrum extracts on the SH-SY5Y cells. The cells were treated for 24 h with varying extract concentrations (1, 10, 25, and 50 μg/mL). The cell viability is reported as the percentage of the control group (100%). All data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). A significant difference ** (p < 0.01) using a one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post-hoc was observed in the % cell viability vs. the control group (no treatment). Abbreviations: Pep-H: Pepper-Hexane; P-EA: Pepper-Ethyl acetate.