Figure 9.

Mitochondrial membrane potential in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to 200 μM H₂O₂ for 2 h after 12 h pre-treatment with pepper extracts (1, 10, and 25 μg/mL). The results indicate % ∆Ψm vs. the control cells (untreated cells). Values are the mean ± SD (n = 3). The data were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post-hoc test. A significant difference, */# (p < 0.05), **/## (p < 0.01), and ***/### (p < 0.001), was observed in the % cell viability vs. untreated cells (*) and H₂O₂ treated cells (#). Abbreviations: Pep-H: Pepper-Hexane; Pep-EA: Pepper-Ethyl acetate, and ∆Ψm: Mitochondrial membrane potential.