AMPK	5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
AP	alternative promoter
ATF2	activating transcription factor 2
BAT	brown adipose tissue
CAMK2	Ca2+/calmodulin-depend protein kinase 2
Clk2	CDC2-like kinase 2
CREB	cyclic AMP response element-binding protein
CRTC2	CREB-regulated transcription co-activator 2
DNMT3B	DNA methyltransferase 3B
Drp1	dynamin-related protein 1
ER	estrogen receptor
ERRα	estrogen-related receptor α
FA	fatty acid
FAO	fatty acid oxidation
Fis1	fission 1 protein
FoxO1	forkhead box class-01
GABPα	GA-binding protein-α
GCN5	acetyltransferase protein acetyltransferase general control non-depressible 5
GlcNAc	β-N-acetylglucosamine
GPx GPx1 GPx7	glutathione peroxidase glutathione peroxidase 1 glutathione peroxidase 7
GSK3β	glycogen synthase kinase 3β
HDACs	class II histone deacetylases
IGF1	insulin-like growth factor 1
IL1-β	interleukin 1β
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
MEF2	myocyte enhancer factor 2
Mfn1	mitofusin 1
Mfn2	mitofusin 2
MGA	3-Methylglutarate
miRNA	microRNA
MnSOD	Mn-dependent superoxide dismutase
mRNA	messenger RNA
mTOR	mechanistic target of rapamycin
NAD	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NF-κB	nuclear factor-kappa B
NR	nuclear receptor
NRF-1	nuclear respiratory factor 1
NRF-2	nuclear respiratory factor 2
O-GlcNAc	O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine
OGT	O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase
Opa1	optic atrophy 1
OXPHOS	oxidative phosphorylation
p65	NF-κB subunit p65
PGC-1α	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α
PGC-1β	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1β
PKA	protein kinase A
PKB/Akt	protein kinase B
POLRMT	mtDNA promotors recruiting RNA polymerase
PPARs	receptor-like peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
PPARα	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α
PPARγ	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ
PPREs	PPAR-specific response elements
PRC	PGC-1 related coactivator
PRMT1	protein arginine methyltransferase 1
Prx3	peroxiredoxin 3
Prx5	peroxiredoxin 5
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RRM	RNA recognition motif
RS	short serine/arginine-rich stretches
SCFCdc4	Skp1/Cullin/F-box cell division control 4
SENP1	Sentrin/SUMO-specific protease
SIRT1	sirtuin 1
SIRT3	sirtuin 3
SRC-3	steroid receptor coactivator 3
SUMO	small ubiquitin-like modifier
TERT	telomerase reserve transcriptase
TFAM	mitochondrial transcription factor A
TFB2M	mitochondrial transcription factor B2
Tfe3	transcription factor E3
TFEB	transcription factor EB
TNFα	tumor necrosis factor α
Tom70	translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane receptor subunit 70
TRX2	thioredoxin 2
TRXR2	thioredoxin reductase 2
TSS	transcription start site
Ub	specific ubiquitination
UCP-1 UCP-2 UCP-3	uncoupling protein 1 uncoupling protein 2 uncoupling protein 3
VEGFA	vascular endothelial growth factor A
YY1	yin yang 1
β-AR	β3-adrenergic receptor