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. 2023 May 22;18:955–973. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S410958

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© 2023 Xu et al.

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(a) Forest plot comparing hospital stay between HFNC and NIV; (b) Forest plot comparing ICU stay between HFNC and NIV; (c) Forest plot comparing hospital stay between HFNC and COT.

Abbreviations: HFNC, high flow nasal cannula; NIV, non-invasive ventilation; COT, conventional oxygen therapy; ICU, intensive care unit; green squares, the mean difference value for an individual study result; black diamonds, the overall effect size for study results of the group; IV, Inverse variance method; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation.