Table 9.

Selected studies that reported IGF’s relationship with motor activity.

Author and Year	Sample	Methods	IGF Measure	Relevant Findings
Liu et al., 2018 [25]	19 adults with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD), 18 healthy adults	MEG, genetic analysis, electric stimulation of the wrist	Power	IGF in PKD: ~40 Hz, ~30–50 Hz; IGF in controls: ~60 Hz, ~45–90 Hz. Lower IGF in PRRT2 gene-related PKD (~35 Hz) vs. non-PRRT2 PKD (~44 Hz)
Cheyne et al., 2008 [27]	9 healthy adults	MEG, finger, bicep, foot movements	Power	IGF: 66–85 Hz. IGF for index finger abduction: 75.3 Hz; IGF for foot dorsiflexion: 67.4 Hz; IGF for bicep contraction: 73.9 Hz
Muthukumaraswamy 2010 [28]	19 healthy adults	MEG, movements of index finger, first dorsal interosseous muscle contractions	Power	IGF: 78.2 Hz, 73.5–81 Hz. In a sequence of repetitive movements, higher IGF for initial finger movements compared to later movements
Zheng et al., 2015 [35]	8 Long Evans rats	In vivo LFP, running task	Power	IGF ~30–100 Hz. In the hippocampus, IGF for 3 cm/s running speed: ~60–80 Hz; IGF for 96 cm/s running speed: ~80–100 Hz in the hippocampus
Heinrichs-Graham et al., 2018 [114]	42 healthy adults	MEG, MRI, response inhibition task	Power	IGF: ~60–90 Hz. IGF for incongruent condition: ~75 Hz; IGF for congruent condition: ~70 Hz

Abbreviations: IGF—individual gamma frequency; LFP—local field potential; MEG—magnetoencephalogram; MRI—magnetic resonance imaging; PKD—paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia.