Table 3.
Absolute brain area and ventricle volumes (mL).
| Brain Region | CTL | MILD | SEV | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | ±SD | Mean | ±SD | Mean | ±SD | p-Value a | |
| Whole brain | 1264.18 | 117.28 | 1298.19 | 143.63 | 1210.70 | 113.49 | 0.003 |
| Whole brain white substance | 554.24 | 61.31 | 571.79 | 74.26 | 537.20 | 57.18 | 0.32 |
| Whole brain grey substance | 709.83 | 64.35 | 726.87 | 79.03 | 670.34 | 71.03 | ≤0.001 |
| Supratentorial gross cerebral cortex | 483.68 | 46.01 | 491.17 | 58.25 | 455.79 | 48.26 | 0.002 |
| Frontal right | 91.28 | 9.72 | 92.81 | 11.20 | 85.32 | 9.37 | 0.001 |
| Frontal left | 87.52 | 9.05 | 88.22 | 13.73 | 82.05 | 9.23 | 0.01 |
| Parietal right | 48.09 | 5.12 | 48.53 | 5.87 | 45.10 | 5.40 | 0.004 |
| Parietal left | 50.29 | 5.44 | 50.63 | 6.01 | 46.91 | 5.52 | 0.002 |
| Precuneus right | 11.44 | 1.45 | 11.66 | 1.60 | 10.77 | 1.36 | 0.008 |
| Precuneus left | 11.91 | 2.05 | 12.16 | 1.76 | 11.21 | 1.72 | 0.032 |
| Occipital right | 31.52 | 3.38 | 33.27 | 9.40 | 30.26 | 5.51 | 0.073 |
| Occipital left | 37.83 | 8.09 | 37.79 | 7.32 | 34.61 | 4.67 | 0.031 |
| Temporal right | 71.60 | 7.20 | 73.83 | 9.20 | 68.49 | 7.44 | 0.005 |
| Temporal left | 66.46 | 8.31 | 68.20 | 9.64 | 63.99 | 6.73 | 0.045 |
| Mesiotemporal right | 23.86 | 11.00 | 26.28 | 10.79 | 23.91 | 10.24 | 0.423 |
| Mesiotemporal left | 22.44 | 10.23 | 24.67 | 9.77 | 22.40 | 9.34 | 0.402 |
| Hippocampus right | 5.02 | 5.87 | 4.35 | 0.53 | 4.17 | 0.42 | 0.43 |
| Hippocampus left | 5.54 | 10.69 | 4.87 | 3.79 | 4.12 | 0.58 | 0.569 |
| Gyrus parahippocampalis right | 3.27 | 0.37 | 3.40 | 0.44 | 3.22 | 0.33 | 0.053 |
| Gyrus parahippocampalis left | 3.41 | 0.33 | 3.55 | 0.37 | 3.32 | 0.33 | 0.005 |
| Regio entorhinalis right | 2.51 | 0.31 | 2.60 | 0.32 | 2.47 | 0.24 | 0.097 |
| Regio entorhinalis left | 2.45 | 0.28 | 2.52 | 0.31 | 2.42 | 0.30 | 0.27 |
| Nucleus caudatus right | 3.30 | 0.43 | 3.49 | 0.40 | 3.19 | 0.43 | 0.002 |
| Nucleus caudatus left | 2.93 | 0.38 | 3.15 | 0.35 | 2.84 | 0.40 | ≤0.001 |
| Putamen right | 4.19 | 0.46 | 4.33 | 0.51 | 4.02 | 0.48 | 0.006 |
| Putamen left | 4.31 | 0.47 | 4.45 | 0.55 | 4.11 | 0.46 | 0.004 |
| Pallidum right | 1.43 | 0.17 | 1.47 | 0.15 | 1.38 | 0.14 | 0.014 |
| Pallidum left | 1.38 | 0.15 | 1.44 | 0.16 | 1.34 | 0.15 | 0.005 |
| Thalamus right | 8.13 | 0.76 | 8.35 | 0.81 | 7.66 | 0.77 | ≤0.001 |
| Thalamus left | 8.46 | 0.81 | 8.46 | 1.35 | 7.99 | 0.78 | 0.031 |
| Brainstem | 27.87 | 10.31 | 26.39 | 2.92 | 24.88 | 2.62 | 0.072 |
| Mesencephalon | 8.91 | 12.29 | 7.23 | 0.90 | 6.81 | 0.84 | 0.307 |
| Pons | 15.86 | 11.18 | 14.36 | 1.77 | 13.59 | 1.47 | 0.228 |
| Cerebellar grey matter | 109.62 | 25.60 | 112.52 | 11.18 | 105.98 | 11.48 | 0.017 |
| Left ventricle | 10.09 | 7.46 | 8.51 | 5.92 | 8.83 | 5.14 | 0.389 |
| Right ventricle | 9.91 | 6.21 | 9.01 | 5.55 | 9.56 | 5.44 | 0.723 |
| Third ventricle | 0.69 | 0.41 | 0.76 | 0.39 | 0.78 | 0.35 | 0.423 |
| Fourth ventricle | 1.16 | 0.37 | 1.20 | 0.42 | 1.10 | 0.36 | 0.378 |
a calculated with one-way analysis of variance; statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05.