Table 3.

Associations^a between 5-y averages of air pollutants and MI in entire population and stratified by sex and age. Denmark, 2005–2017, $N=\mathrm{1,964,702}$.

	Person-years	Cases	${\mathrm{PM}}_{2.5}$ per IQR: $1.85{\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{m}}^3$	UFP per IQR: $\mathrm{4,248}{\text{\hspace{0.17em}particles}/\mathrm{cm}}^3$	EC per IQR: $0.28{\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{m}}^3$	${\mathrm{NO}}_2$ per IQR: $7.15{\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{m}}^3$
			HRa (95% CI)	HRa (95% CI)	HRa (95% CI)	HRa (95% CI)
Entire study population	18,309,319	71,285	1.053 (1.035, 1.071)	1.040 (1.025, 1.055)	1.009 (1.000, 1.019)	1.027 (1.013, 1.040)
Sex
Male	8,369,008	43,8s40	1.053 (1.033, 1.073)	1.044 (1.027, 1.061)	1.011 (1.001, 1.022)	1.030 (1.014, 1.045)
Female	9,940,311	27,445	1.052 (1.030, 1.075)	1.033 (1.013, 1.052)	1.005 (0.992, 1.019)	1.022 (1.005, 1.040)
Age (y)
Age 50–70	11,970,225	28,842	0.993 (0.972, 1.014)	1.007 (0.988, 1.026)	0.992 (0.977, 1.006)	1.016 (0.998, 1.033)
Age 70–80	4,308,188	23,317	1.072 (1.048, 1.097)	1.049 (1.028, 1.070)	1.010 (0.997, 1.025)	1.026 (1.007, 1.045)
Age $80+$	2,030,906	19,216	1.123 (1.095, 1.150)	1.078 (1.055, 1.102)	1.028 (1.015, 1.042)	1.043 (1.023, 1.064)

Note: CI, confidence interval; EC, elemental carbon; HR, hazard ratio; IQR, interquartile range; MI, myodardial infarction; UFP, ultrafine particles: .

^a Adjusted for age, sex, calendar year (in 2-y categories), marital status, education, occupational status, ethnicity, personal and household income, and percentage of parish population: living in social housing, being sole providers, of non-Western origin, having low income, being unemployed, having blue-collar work, having only basic education, and having a criminal record.