Table 1.

Risk of bias assessment outcomes. Key: +: low (green color), ?: some concerns (yellow color), −: high (red color), N: not applicable (blue color).

Randomized Controlled Trials
First author	Randomization process	Intervention assignment	Intervention adherence	Missing data	Outcome	Reported results
Garcia-Morales 2020 [28]	?	?	+	+	+	+
Garner 2018 [25]	?	+	?	+	+	?
Pineda-Juarez 2022 [23]	?	+	+	+	+	+
Controlled trials and epidemiological studies
First author	Selection	Performance	Detection	Attrition	Selective Outcome	Confounding
Barone 2018 [31]	+	N	?	?	+	−
Bilberg 2022 [29]	+	+	?	+	+	−
Elkan 2011 [32]	+	+	?	?	+	+
Engelhart 1996 [21]	+	+	?	+	+	+
Gordon 2002 [22]	+	+	?	?	+	−
Matsunaga 2021 [33]	+	N	+	?	+	?
Mikkelsen 2015 [30]	+	+	+	+	+	+
Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou 2010 [34]	+	+	?	?	+	?