Table 2.
Studies investigating risk factors for progression and prognosis of pSS-ILD.
| Studies | Risk Factors | Outcome Assessed | Prognosis |
|---|---|---|---|
| He et al., 2021 [72] | LDH, non-sicca onset, low FVC * | ILD progression * | Progression of ILD in 38.6% of cases |
| Gao et al., 2021 [70] | TLCO/VA, MEF25, PaO2 | Mortality | 10-year survival rate of 81.7% |
| Zhang et al., 2020 [44] | ESR, UIP pattern | ILD progression at 6 months † | Progression of ILD in 20.4% of cases |
| Kamiya et al., 2019 [42] | Age, KL-6, low FVC | Mortality | 5-year survival rate of 89.8% 10-year survival rate of 79% |
| Enomoto et al., 2013 [45] | PaCO2, extension of reticulations on HRCT, severity of fibroblastic foci | Mortality | 5-year survival rate of 87.3% |
| Ito et al., 2005 [46] | PaO2, absence of microscopic honeycombing | Survival at 5 years | 5-year survival rate of 84% |
* Assessed by combination of PFT, HRCT, and pulmonary symptoms; † assessed by PFT. FVC—Forced vital capacity; TLCO/VA—Transfer factor of carbon monoxide/alveolar volume; MEF25—Maximum expiratory flow at 25%.