Table 1.

Overview of most used PET tracers in functional cardiovascular imaging.

Tracer	Name	Function
H2[15O]	H215O-water	Myocardial blood flow quantification (gold standard) [5]
82Rb	Rubidium-82	Myocardial blood flow quantification [6]
[13N]H3	13N-Ammonia	Myocardial blood flow quantification [7,8,9,10]
[18F]Flurpiridaz	18F-Flurpiridaz	Myocardial blood flow quantification [11]
[11C]Acetate	Carbon-11 labeled acetate	Myocardial blood flow quantification, myocardial oxygen consumption, and cardiac efficiency [12,13,14,15]
[68Ga]FAPI (i.e., FAPI-04, FAPI-46, etc.)	Gallium-68 labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor	Detection of fibrosis through targeting activated fibroblast response [16,17,18,19]
[18F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04	Aluminum-[18F]Fluoride labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-04 chelated with NOTA
[11C]HED	Carbon-11 labeled hydroxyephedrine	Global and regional sympathetic innervation quantification [20,21]
[18F]FDG	Fluorine-18 labeled fluorodeoxyglucose	Evaluation of increased metabolism (e.g., inflammation) [2,22,23,24] and myocardial viability