Table 1.
Overview of cardiovascular and renal outcome trials showing positive effects of SGLT-2-inhibitors.
| EMPA-REG Outcome | EMPA-KIDNEY | CANVAS-Program | CREDENCE | DECLARE-TIMI 58 | DAPA-CKD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug | empagliflozin (10 mg or 25 mg) | empagliflozin (10 mg) | canagliflozin (100 mg or 300 mg) | canagliflozin (100 mg) | dapagliflozin (10 mg) | Dapagliflozin (10 mg) |
| Total of participants (n) | 7.020 | 6.609 | 10.142 | 4.401 | 17.160 | 4.304 |
| CVD (%) | 100 | 27 | 66 | 50.4 | 41 | 37.4 |
| Heart failure (%) | 10.1 | 9.9 | 14.4 | 14.8 | 10 | 10.9 |
| Chronic kidney disease (%) | 100 | 100 | ||||
| Follow up (years) | 3.1 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 4.2 | 2.4 |
| Kidney outcome or composite kidney outcome | incident or worsening of nephropathy (progression to macroalbuminuria *, doubling of serum-creatinine, initiation of renal replacement therapy, or renal death | progression of kidney disease (end-stage kidney disease, a sustained decrease in eGFR to <10 mL/min/1.73 m2, a sustained decrease in eGFR of ≥40% from baseline, or death from renal causes) or death from cardiovascular causes |
Composite doubling in serum creatinine, kidney failure, or death from kidney causes | Composite of kidney failure, doubling of serum creatinine, or death from kidney or CV causes |
Composite of ≥40% decrease in eGFR to <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, kidney failure, CV or renal death |
Composite of sustained decline in eGFR to <10 mL/min/1.73 m2, sustained decline in eGFR ≥40%, or renal or CV death |
| Kidney outcome result | 12.7% vs. 18.8% HR 0.61 (0.53; 0.7) |
13.1% vs. 16.9% HR 0.72 (0.64; 0.82) |
5.5% vs. 9.0% (per 1000 patient years) HR 0.60 (0.47; 0.77) |
11.1% vs. 15.5% HR 0.70 (0.59; 0.82) |
4.3% vs. 5.6% HR 0.76 (0.67; 0.87) |
9.2% vs. 14.5% HR 0.61 (0.51; 0.72) |
| Number needed to treat | 17 | 26 | 286 (per year) | 23 | 77 | 19 |
* only individuals without baseline macroalbuminuria analysed; CVD = cardiovascular disease; HR = Hazard Ratio; CV = cardiovascular.