Table 1.
Baseline characteristics (N = 600).
| Cases (n = 150) |
Controls (n = 450) |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 35.35 ± 3.95 | 35.86 ± 3.57 | 0.138 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.87 [20.00–23.73] | 21.26 [19.75–24.00] | 0.370 |
| Type of infertility | 0.380 | ||
| Primary | 121 (80.67%) | 377 (83.78%) | |
| Secondary | 29 (19.33%) | 73 (16.22%) | |
| Previous pregnancies | 0.703 | ||
| None | 124 (82.67%) | 376 (83.56%) | |
| Miscarriage | 18 (12%) | 57 (12.67%) | |
| Term pregnancy | 8 (5.33%) | 17 (3.78%) | |
| Endometriosis localization | |||
| OMA | 74 (49.33%) | 206 (45.78%) | 0.349 |
| DE | 10 (6.67%) | 49 (10.89%) | |
| OMA + DE | 31 (20.67%) | 111 (24.67%) | |
| SPE | 11 (7.33%) | 24 (5.33%) | |
| Unknown | 24 (16%) | 60 (13.33%) | |
| Prior surgery for endometriosis | 104 (88.89%) | 251 (90.60%) | 0.591 |
| Time from surgery to IVF (months) | 24 [12–72] | 24 [12–72] | 0.700 |
| Type of autoimmunity | 450 (100%) | 0.000 | |
| None | |||
| ATD 1 | 101 (67.33%) 2 | ||
| SLE | 7 (4.67%) | ||
| CLD 1 | 4 (2.67%) | ||
| MS | 4 (2.67%) | ||
| T1D 1 | 2 (1.33%) | ||
| Psoriasis | 1 (0.67%) | ||
| IBD | 4 (2.67%) | ||
| SjS | 1 (0.67%) | ||
| UTCD | 5 (3.33%) | ||
| DM | 2 (1.33%) | ||
| SS | 1 (0.67%) | ||
| ANA positivity | 20 (13.33%) | ||
| AMH (ng/mL) | 1.38 [0.60–2.70] | 1.03 [0.50–2.04] | 0.102 |
| AFC | 7.5 [5–12] | 7 [5–10] | 0.385 |
| Expected poor responders 3 | 37/147 (25.17%) 4 | 148/440 (33.63%) 4 | 0.060 |
Notes: data are reported as mean (standard deviation) or median [25–75%] or n (%). Abbreviations: COS, controlled ovarian stimulation; BMI, Body mass index; ART, assisted reproductive techniques; ATD, Autoimmune thyroid disorders; SLE, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus; CLD, Coeliac disease; MS, Multiple Sclerosis; T1D, Type 1 diabetes; IBD, inflammatory bowel diseases; SjS, Sjögren’s syndrome; UTCD, undifferentiated connective tissue disease; DM, Dermatomyositis; SS, Systemic Sclerosis; ANA, Anti-Nuclear Antibodies; AMH, Anti-mullerian hormone; AFC, antral follicle count. 1 One patient with CLD and one patient with T1D carried also ATD. 2 Total number of patients with ATD, including the two cases with more than one concomitant autoimmune disease. 3 Defined from basal ovarian reserve markers according to the Bologna Criteria [21] as AMH < 0.5 ng/mL and/or AFC < 5. 4 For 3 cases and 10 controls, data on ovarian reserve were not available.