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. 2023 May 18;24(10):8922. doi: 10.3390/ijms24108922

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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(a) XPS survey of the CE–PAANa before and after adsorption; (b–d) XPS spectra region of Cu 2p, Pb 4f, and Cd 3d. (e) O 1 s spectra of CE–PAANa before and after the adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II).

(a) XPS survey of the CE–PAANa before and after adsorption; (b–d) XPS spectra region of Cu 2p, Pb 4f, and Cd 3d. (e) O 1 s spectra of CE–PAANa before and after the adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II).