Table 3.

Microemulsions and nanoemulsions for curcumin delivery reported in the recent literature.

Type of System	Particle Size (nm)	Components	Effect	Reference
O/W ME	10.07 ± 0.45	Vitamin E, Tween 20, Ethanol, Water	Improve solubility and stability and oral uptake of curcumin	[236]
O/W NE	23.23 ± 2.86	IPM, Tween 80: Glycerol, Surfactin	Improve bioavailability, inhibit activity of Caco2 cell	[237]
O/W ME	21.81 ± 0.20	Miglyol 812 N, Water, PEG 30 castor oil:Span 80	Improve solubility, stability and modified release of curcumin at gastrointestinal tract pHs	[238]
O/W ME	80.02 ± 3.29	Soybean Oil, Lecithin:Tween 80, Water	Enhance anti-Hep G2 activities	[239]
O/W ME	71.8 ± 2.45	Ethyl oleate, Lecithin/Tween 80, Water	Prevent degradation process of curcumin, enhance the skin permeation	[240]
O/W ME	27.3 ± 2	Capryol 90, Cremophor RH 40, Transcutol P	Enhance the oral bioavailability	[241]
O/W NE	174.44	HI-Cap 100, Sunflower oil, Water	Enhance solubility of curcumin	[242]
O/W ME	8	Ethyl butyrate, Pluronic surfactant F127, Fetal bovine serum, Sodium Caprylate	Enhance hepatoprotective, neuroprotective and anti-cancer effects of curcumin	[243]
O/W NE	100–900	Cottonseed oil, Ethanol, Glycerol, Poloxamer, Tween 20, SDS DTAB	Enhance antioxidant efficacy of curcumin	[244]
O/W NE	372	Pluronic 127, Olive Oil, Water	Inhibit MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell	[245]
O/W NE	141.6 ± 15.4	WPC-70, Tween 80, MCT-60, Water	Increase hydrophilicity and bioaccessibility of curcumin	[246]
O/W NE	218	Span 20 saturated MCT, Monostearin, water, Tween 20	Improve oral bioavailability of curcumin	[247]
O/W NE	26.76 ± 0.9	PEG 400/Tween 80/Water	Accelerate the skin tissue regeneration process	[248]
O/W NE	105	Soybean oil, MCT, Lecithin, Benzyl alcohol, Sodium Oleate	Improve plasma resistance of curcumin	[249]
O/W NE	102–131	PEG-660 stearate, castor oil, purified fish oil, egg lecithin, water	Allow intranasal administration of curcumin	[250]
O/W NE	130	Tween 80, Ethanol, Propylen Glycol, Myrrh Oil	Improve anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin	[251]
O/W ME	10.9	Soybean Oil, Tween 80, Ethanol, Water	Enhance curcumin potential to inhibit growth of colon cancer cells HT-29	[252]
O/W NE	85 ± 1.5	Glyceryl monooleate, Cremophor PH40, Polyethylene glycol 400, Water	Improve curcumin permeability through skin and protect curcumin from chemical degradation	[253]
O/W NE	34.52 ± 2	MCT, Cremophor RH 40, Glycerol, Water	Enhance cellular cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis against prostate cancer cells	[254]
O/W ME	66.74 ± 3.46	Capmul MCM, Accenon CC: Transcutol P, Aqueous polycarbaphil	Improve transnasal delivery of curcumin	[255]