Figure 11.

Schematization of intestinal fibrosis occurring in DSS-treated mice and in human IBD. After an injury, intestinal epithelium disruption is induced by inflammation. The persistence of inflammatory response gradually leads to the downregulation of PPAR gamma (red arrow), an abnormal deposition of ECM proteins and the onset of fibrogenesis. EMT, AGE/RAGE signaling, as well as senescence, cooperates with the progression of intestinal fibrosis both in mice and in human (blue arrows). Their activation is mitigated by GED administration in DSS-treated mice, under the control of PPAR gamma (green arrow).