Table 1.
Typical metallurgical reagents present in copper mine tailings.
| Classification | Reagents Name | Quantity Used (g/ton of Tailings) |
|---|---|---|
| Acids | Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) | 500–2500 |
| Alkalis or pH Regulators | Lime | 500–3000 |
| Sodium carbonate | 550–3500 | |
| Sodium hydroxide | 200–800 | |
| Modifiers (depressants, activators and dispersants) | Copper sulfate | 50–550 |
| Sodium cyanide | 10–50 | |
| Zinc sulfate | 50–2000 | |
| Sodium sulfate | 50–3000 | |
| Sodium silicate | 50–3000 | |
| Sulfur dioxide | 50–850 | |
| Starch | 50–150 | |
| Collectors | X-Amylxanthate | 30–300 |
| X-Isopropylxanthate | 10–30 | |
| X-Ethylxanthate | 5–25 | |
| Diesel oil | 10–100 | |
| Amine | 30–300 | |
| Aniline dicresyl dithiophosphate plus thiocarbonilide | 10–75 | |
| Frothers | Polypropylene glycol methyl ether | 10–25 |
| Hexylic acid | 10–50 | |
| Pine oil | 5–25 | |
| HBTA frother | 25–100 | |
| Carbon | 5–30 | |
| Flocculants | Floeger 913-SH | 10–25 |
| Floeger 923-SH | 10–25 | |
| Tec-2050 | 10–25 | |
| Magnafloc 1011 | 10–25 | |
| Magnafloc 155 | 10–25 | |
| Magnafloc 2025 | 10–25 | |
| Magnafloc 333 | 10–25 | |
| Rheomax 1050 | 10–25 | |
| Orifloc AP 2020 | 10–25 | |
| Superfloc A-110 | 10–25 |