Table 1.
Clinical and spatio-temporal gait characteristics of the included subjects.
| swPD | HS | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age [mean(SD)] | 71.15 (5.12) | 69.14 (4.80) | 0.06 | |
| Gender [n (%)] | F | 15 (29.41) | 27 (54) | 0.01 |
| M | 36 (70.58) | 23 (46) | ||
| Disease duration [mean(SD)] | 8.04 (4.70) | |||
| HY [n (%)] | 1 | 10 (19.60) | ||
| 2 | 17 (33.33) | |||
| 3 | 24 (47.05) | |||
| UPDRS III [mean(SD)] | 41.41 (18.22) | |||
| UPDRS III < 32 [n (%)] | 16 (31.27) | |||
| UPDRS III ≥ 32 [n (%)] | 22 (43.13) | |||
| UPDRS III ≥ 58 [n (%)] | 13 (25.49) | |||
| History of falls (n° of falls in the previous 6 months) [mean (SD)] | 1.35 (3.28) | |||
| Gait speed (m/s) [mean (SD)] | 1.08 (0.25) | 1.09 (0.25) | 0.91 | |
| Stance phase (% gait cycle) [mean (SD)] | 60.82 (2.27) | 61.41 (3.42) | 0.31 | |
| Swing phase (% gait cycle) [mean (SD)] | 39.18 (2.27) | 38.59 (3.42) | 0.31 | |
| Single support (% gait cycle) [mean (SD)] | 39.24 (2.92) | 37.93 (5.29) | 0.13 | |
| Double support (% gait cycle) | 10.88 (2.33) | 11.90 (4.92) | 0.19 | |
| Cadence (steps/min) [mean (SD)] | 103.37 (20.44) | 101.35 (14.06) | 0.60 | |
| Stride length (m) [mean (SD)] | 0.94 (0.21) | 1.22 (0.22) | <0.00 | |
| Pelvic tilt (°) [mean (SD)] | 3.33 (1.55) | 3.01 (1.13) | 0.25 | |
| Pelvic obliquity (°) [mean (SD)] | 3.87 (2.16) | 5.38 (2.70) | 0.01 | |
| Pelvic rotation (°) [mean (SD)] | 5.49 (3.29) | 6.68 (3.90) | 0.02 | |
| HR AP [mean (SD)] | 1.66 (0.26) | 2.32 (0.64) | <0.00 | |
| HR ML [mean (SD)] | 1.62 (0.25) | 2.23 (0.59) | <0.00 | |
| HR V [mean (SD)] | 1.68 (0.28) | 2.41 (0.76) | <0.00 | |
| stride length CV % [mean (SD)] | 39.26 (19.44) | 26.69 (13.76) | 0.00 | |
swPD, subjects with Parkinson’s disease; HS, age and speed-matched healthy subjects; p, significance level at 95% confidence interval in Mann–Whitney procedure; HY, Hoehn and Yahr disease stage classification; UPDRS III, motor section of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; HR, Harmonic Ratio; AP, antero-posterior direction of the acceleration signal; ML medio-lateral direction of the acceleration signal; V vertical direction of the acceleration signal; CV, coefficient of variation.