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. 2023 May 22;11(5):1012. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11051012

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Monofunctional and polyfunctional T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination in chronic kidney disease patients. (A) Quantification of spot-forming cells (SFC) per million of cells by ELISpot assay after SARS-CoV-2 peptides stimulation. More than 20 SFC/106 was considered positive response. (B–E) Percentage of CD8+ IFN-γ+, CD4+ IFN-γ+, CD8+ IFN-γ+IL-2+TNF-α+, and CD4+ IFN-γ+IL-2+TNF-α+-producing T cells after primary scheme or booster dose measured by flow cytometry. Mann–Whitney test (* p < 0.05). (F) Proportion of monofunctional and polyfunctional cytokine–expressing CD4+ T cells for each group and time point. (G) Proportion of monofunctional and polyfunctional cytokine–expressing CD4+ T cells after a booster dose in chronic kidney disease patients. Patients were grouped according to primary scheme vaccines: CoronaVac and BNT162b2 (heterologous and homologous schemes, respectively). HD: hemodialyzed patients; KT: kidney transplanted patients; Controls: healthy individuals.