Table 8.

Preclinical studies on gelatin-based delivery systems for musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, urinary, circulatory apparatus, and others. The DDSs’ specifications (particles size—micro, M, or nano, N—drug type, target tissue, animal model employed) and outcomes are reported.

Body Apparatus	Application	DDS	Drug	Animal Model	Outcome(s)	Ref.
Digestive	Hepatocellular carcinoma	M	Cisplatin	Rabbit	No adverse systemic effects; more pronounced antitumor effect.	[161]
	Liver tumor	M	Cisplatin	Rabbit	Tumor proliferation almost 6-times lower.	[160]
	Peritoneal carcinomatosis	M	Cisplatin	Mouse	Longer survival time.	[162]
	Peritoneal fibrosis	M	Cisplatin	Mouse	Peritoneal fibrosis progression suppression.	[163]
	Liver cirrhosis	M	HGF	Rat	Enhanced tissue regeneration.	[161]
	Pancreatic cancer	N	Gemcitabine	Mouse	Enhanced antitumor efficiency.	[164]
	Pancreatic cancer	M	NK4 plasmid DNA	Mouse	Angiogenic inhibition and tumor suppression, limit of the route of administration.	[165]
Visual	Eye infection	N	Moxifloxacin	Rabbit	Non-irritant to the ocular tissues, safe, antibacterial power more effective than commercial products.	[106]
	Glaucoma	N	Timolol maleate	Rabbit	Enhanced effectiveness compared to commercial products, non-irritating.	[107]
	Proliferative vitreoretinopathy	M	b-FGF/IFNβ	Rabbit	No side effects.	[166]
	Corneal neovascularization	N	Kaempferol	Mouse	Anti-angiogenic effect, enhanced drug bioavailability.	[167]
Musculoskeletal	Osteonecrosis	M	VEGF	Rabbit	Effective promotion of new bone formation.	[168]
	Osteoarthritis	M	Diclofenac	Rabbit	Specific targeting with external stimuli.	[169]
	Osteoarthritis	N	Indomethacin	Rat	Side effects’ reduction, drug bioavailability increases of 500%.	[170]
Urogenital	Bladder cancer	N	Paclitaxel	Dog	Rapid release, significant increase in antitumor activity, higher tissue concentrations than the commercial formulation.	[172]
	Ovarian cancer	M	Paclitaxel	Mouse	Tumor size reduction.	[172]
Respiratory	Lung cancer	N	EGF	Mouse	Increment of site-specific drug concentration, lower toxicity.	[174]
	Lung cancer	N	pCMV-b	Mouse	Transfection efficiency increase.	[174]
Immunitory	Inflammation	N	Ibuprofen Sodium	Rat	No side effects, increase of drug bioavailability.	[105]
	Inflammatory bowel disease	M	Cytokine	Mouse	Side effects’ reduction.	[175]
Peripheral nervous	Facial nerve regeneration	M	bFGF	Rat	Improved nerve axon maturation and increase of nerve regeneration rate.	[176]