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. 2023 May 4;13(5):627. doi: 10.3390/metabo13050627

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Glucolipotoxicity impairs EGFR activation in beta cells and human islets. Human islets and 832/13 cells were cultured in media with 5 mM glucose and BSA, or 25 mM glucose and 400 μM palmitic acid complexed to BSA (glucolipotoxicity, GLT) for 48 or 8 h, respectively, followed by starvation in 5 mM glucose medium for 2 h, and then stimulated with recombinant human EGF (50 ng/mL for 10 min for islets and 10 ng/mL for 5 min for cells). Protein levels of p-EGFR, EGFR, p-eIF2α, and tubulin were analyzed by immunoblotting. Shown are representative immunoblots from human islets (A,B) and 832/13 cells (C,D), and quantified data are reported as fold induction relative to BSA, non-stimulated samples. Groups were compared using ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc tests. n = 3 independent human islet preparations and 3 independent cell line experiments; * p < 0.05 vs. BSA, non-stimulated; # p < 0.05 vs. BSA, EGF-stimulated.