Table 2.

Summary of biologically synthesized NPs using plant extract and their characteristics.

Nanoparticle	Plant Extract	Size	Application	Ref.
Ag NPs	Azadirachta indica	34 nm	Antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus	[112]
	Origanum vulgare	2–25 nm	Bioreducing agent and antimicrobial activity	[113]
	Morus alba	80–150 nm	Antibacterial activity	[114]
Au-Ag NPs	Nigella species	3–37 nm	Antioxidant, cytotoxicity, catalytic activities	[115]
	Tribulus terrestris	~7 nm	Antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori, as well as cytotoxicity and catalytic activities	[116]
Se NPs	Vitis vinifera	3–18 nm	Fabrication purpose	[117]
	Ocimum tenuiflorum	15–20 nm	Pharmaceutical applications	[118]
TiO2 NPs	Azadirachta indica	25–87 nm	Antibacterial activity against E. coli, B. subtilis	[119]
	Citrus reticulata	50–150 nm	Reduced environmental impact	[120]
ZnO NPs	Passiflora caerulea	30–50 nm	Potent antibacterial	[121]
	Rhamnus virgata	~20 nm	Antimicrobial and antioxidant as well as cytoyoxic activity	[122]
	Aloe socotrina	15–50 nm	Used in the drug delivery approach	[123]