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. 2023 Apr 28;11(5):1151. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11051151

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Sleep–wake profiles of rats administered with human-gut-derived live Prevotella bacteria. The y-axis indicates changes in time from the baseline sleep–wake profile in a given time point for the no-administration group (n = 4), the P. stercorea group (n = 5), and the P. histicola group (n = 16). p values (symbols *, †, and ‡ indicate <0.05, <0.01, and <0.001, respectively) were derived from the Wilcoxon signed rank test in comparison to the baseline. Different letters indicate statistical significance (p < 0.05) for multiple comparisons between groups. REM, rapid eye movement; NREM, non-rapid eye movement. (A) Total sleep time; (B) Wake time; (C) REM sleep time; (D) NREM sleep time.