Table 1.

Comparison of the degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (KIDMED Index score) between the two studies according to the selected variables.

	Adherence to Mediterranean Diet (KIDMED Index Categories)
	Poor ≤ 3					Medium 4–7					High ≥ 8
	1998–2000		2019–2020		p	1998–2000		2019–2020		p	1998–2000		2019–2020		p
	n	%	n	%		n	%	n	%		n	%	n	%
Sex
Male	18	46.2	154	46		258	50.4	841	47.6		229	50.9	712	49.5
Female	21	53.8	181	54	-	254	49.6	927	52.4	-	221	49.1	725	50.5	-
School grade
Primary education	10	25.6	147	43.9		171	33.4	838	47.4		203	45.1	831	57.8
Secondary education	29	74.4	188	56.1	<0.05	341	66.6	930	52.6	<0.001	247	54.9	606	42.2	<0.001
Age group
(8–10]	5	13.2	77	23.1		71	14.1	273	15.5		84	18.9	241	16.9
(10–12]	4	10.5	56	16.8		100	19.8	471	26.8		106	23.8	499	35.1
(12–14]	14	36.8	68	20.4		159	31.5	402	22.9		139	31.2	339	23.8
(14–17]	15	39.5	132	39.6	-	174	34.5	613	34.8	<0.001	116	26.1	344	24.2	<0.001
Population size
<10,000 inhabitants	10	25.6	83	24.8		132	25.8	553	31.3		105	23.3	425	29.6
10–50,000 inhabitants	11	28.2	136	40.6		159	31.1	630	35.6		112	24.9	462	32.2
50–350,000 inhabitants	10	25.6	92	27.5		132	25.8	435	24.6		124	27.6	409	28.5
>350,000 inhabitants	8	20.5	24	7.2	<0.05	89	17.4	150	8.5	<0.001	109	24.2	141	9.8	<0.001
Population size
<50,000 inhabitants	21	53.8	219	65.4		291	56.8	1183	66.9		217	48.2	887	61.7
>50,000 inhabitants	18	46.2	116	34.6	-	221	43.2	585	33.1	<0.001	233	51.8	550	38.3	<0.001
Geographical distribution
North	17	43.6	112	33.4		245	47.9	677	38.3		226	50.2	582	40.5
Centre	11	28.2	80	23.9		109	21.3	432	24.4		97	21.6	394	27.4
South	11	28.2	143	42.7	-	158	30.9	659	37.3	0.001	127	28.2	461	32.1	0.001
Geographical distribution
Centre	11	28.2	80	23.9		109	21.3	432	24.4		97	21.6	394	27.4
Northeast	11	28.2	69	20.6		91	17.8	419	23.7		128	28.4	342	23.8
North	6	15.4	43	12.8		154	30.1	258	14.6		98	21.8	240	16.7
South and Canary Islands	6	15.4	90	26.9		103	20.1	364	20.6		80	17.8	263	18.3
Levante	5	12.8	53	15.8	-	55	10.7	295	16.7	<0.001	47	10.4	198	13.8	<0.001
Comply with sleep recommendations
Yes	33	84.6	178	54.1		450	88.2	1206	68.7		392	88.1	1130	79.5
No	6	15.4	151	45.9	<0.001	60	11.8	550	31.3	<0.001	53	11.9	291	20.5	<0.001
Parental Education
Non-university	32	82.1	251	79.2		373	72.9	1131	68.1		287	63.8	773	56.5
University	7	17.9	66	20.8	-	139	27.1	531	31.9	-	163	36.2	594	43.5	<0.01