Table 3.

Randomized controlled trials on depression in heart failure. BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory-II; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EF, ejection fraction; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; HAM-D, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; HF, congestive heart failure; HR, hazard ratio; MADRS, Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9.

Trial	Inclusion Criteria	Number of Patients	Drug	Mean Follow-Up	Primary Endpoints	Results
SADHART-CHF	-HF -EF ≤ 45% -New York Heart Association functional classification II–IV -Clinical interview	469	Sertraline vs. placebo	12 weeks	-Mean ± SE change in HAM-D -Composite cardiovascular status	No significant differences between groups (p = 0.78)
MOOD-HF	-HF -EF ≤45% -New York Heart Association functional classification II–IV -Clinical interview and PHQ-9	372	Escitalopram 10–20 mg/day vs. placebo	24 months	-All-cause mortality or hospitalization -Mean MADRS score variation	No significant between-group difference (p = 0.26)
OCEAN	-HF across the EF spectrum -New York Heart Association functional classification II–IV -Clinical interview + HAM-D ≥ 18	108	High EPA vs. placebo	12 weeks	-HAM-D and BDI-II	No significant between-group difference