Table 3.
Determinants of stroke recurrence (n = 951).
| Variables | Stroke Recurrence | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude Model | Adjusted Model | |||||
| OR * | 95%CI * | p * | OR ** | 95%CI ** | p ** | |
| Socio-demographics | ||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| <65 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| ≥65 | 1.55 | 1.10–2.19 | 0.012 | 1.28 | 0.88–1.85 | 0.191 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Woman | 1.00 | |||||
| Man | 1.44 | 1.01–2.04 | 0.042 | |||
| Occupation | ||||||
| Working | 1.00 | |||||
| Retirement or infirmity | 1.48 | 1.05–2.07 | 0.022 | |||
| Education attainment | ||||||
| Illiterate or elementary | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Junior high school | 1.38 | 0.86–2.22 | 0.181 | 1.22 | 0.74–2.01 | 0.420 |
| Senior high school | 1.16 | 0.71–1.89 | 0.544 | 1.17 | 0.70–1.95 | 0.546 |
| College/university or higher | 0.93 | 0.55–1.57 | 0.808 | 0.87 | 0.50–1.52 | 0.638 |
| Ability to pay for medication | ||||||
| Very or fairly difficult | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Very or fairly easy | 1.30 | 0.92–1.83 | 0.129 | 1.18 | 0.82–1.71 | 0.361 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 1.00 | |||||
| Single or Widowed/Divorced/Separated | 1.01 | 0.60–1.68 | 0.979 | |||
| Social status | ||||||
| Low | 1.00 | |||||
| Middle or high | 0.78 | 0.47–1.28 | 0.336 | |||
| HL index | 0.99 | 0.97–1.01 | 0.426 | |||
| Health conditions | ||||||
| Stroke classification | ||||||
| Hemorrhage | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Infraction | 2.01 | 1.26–3.21 | 0.003 | 1.79 | 1.10–2.91 | 0.019 |
| Others | 1.71 | 0.86–3.41 | 0.121 | 1.68 | 0.82–3.43 | 0.152 |
| Depressive symptoms | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 0.77 | 0.55–1.09 | 0.145 | 0.79 | 0.56–1.12 | 0.194 |
| CCI | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 1.93 | 1.36–2.72 | <0.001 | 1.55 | 1.08–2.23 | 0.017 |
| Hypertension | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 2.16 | 1.39–3.35 | 0.001 | 1.93 | 1.23–3.04 | 0.004 |
| PAB | 0.84 | 0.77–0.91 | <0.001 | 0.87 | 0.80–0.95 | 0.003 |
Abbreviation: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; HL, health literacy; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; PAB, pro-oxidant–antioxidant balance. * Results of bivariate logistic regression analysis. ** Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, education, ability to pay for medication, stroke classification, depressive symptoms, and CCI.