Table 5.
Genomic features and characteristics of + ssRNA mycoviruses.
| Families and Genera | Genome Size and Segmentation | Genome Organization | Exemplar Species |
|---|---|---|---|
| Family Alphaflexiviridae Mycovirus associated genera Botrexvirus Sclerodarnavirus |
Non-segmented genomes around 5.5 to 9 kb in size. |
Botrexvirus: Genome consists of up to 5 ORFs. ORF1: Encodes for an RdRp, Hel, and Mtf. ORF3: Encodes for a CP. All remaining ORFs encode for putative proteins with unknown function. Sclerodarnavirus: Genome consists of a single ORF encoding for an RdRp, Mtf, and Hel. |
Botrexvirus: Botrytis virus X Sclerodarnavirus: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum debilitation-associated RNA virus |
| Family Barnaviridae Mycovirus associated genera Barnavirus |
Non-segmented with genomes around 4.0 kb in size. | Genome consists of 4 ORFs. ORF1: Encodes for a hypothetical protein with an unknown function. ORF2: Encodes for a putative serine protease. ORF3: Encodes for an RdRp. ORF4: Encodes for a CP. |
Mushroom bacilliform virus |
| Family Botourmiaviridae Mycovirus associated genera Botoulivirus Betabotoulivirus Magoulivirus Scleroulivirus Betascleroulivirus Deltascleroulivirus Penoulivirus Rhizoulivirus Betarhizoulivirus |
Non-segmented genomes around 3 to 5.3 kbp in size | Genome consists of a single ORF encoding for an RdRp |
Botoulivirus: Botrytis cinerea ourmia-like virus 4 Betabotoulivirus: Entoleuca ourmia-like virus 1 Magoulivirus: Magnaporthe oryzae ourmia-like virus 1 Scleroulivirus: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ourmia-like virus 1 Betascleroulivirus: Botrytis cinerea ourmia-like virus 10 Deltascleroulivirus: Botrytis cinerea ourmia-like virus 5 Penoulivirus: Aspergillus neoniger ourmia-like virus 1 Rhizoulivirus: Rhizoctonia solani ourmia-like virus 1Rs Betarhizoulivirus: Rhizoctonia solani ourmia-like virus 5 |
| Family Deltaflexiviridae Mycovirus associated genera Deltaflexivirus |
Non-segmented with genomes around 6 to 8 kbp in size | Genome consists of 1–5 ORFs ORF 1: Encodes for polyprotein with Mt, Gtf, Hel and RdRp domains ORF 2–5: Encode for hypothetical proteins with unknown functions |
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum deltaflexivirus 1 |
| Family Endornaviridae Mycovirus associated genera Alphaendornavirus Betaendornavirus |
Non segmented genomes around 9.5 to 17.6 kb in size. | Genome consists of a single ORF encoding for a large polyprotein. The polyprotein always contains an RdRp domain, but may also include domains for Hel, Mt, Gtf, CPS, and phytoreo S7 domains. |
Alphaendornavirus: Oryza sativa alphaendornavirus Betaendornavirus: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum endornavirus |
| Family Gammaflexiviridae Mycovirus associated genera Mycoflexivirus |
Non-segmented genomes around 6.8 to 9.2 kb in size. | Consists of 2–3 ORFs ORF 1: Encodes for a replicase (REP) with an upstream Mtf domain, a Hel domain, and a downstream RdRp domain. ORF 2: Encodes for either a CP or proteins which resemble movement proteins. ORF 3: Encodes for either a CP or a hypothetical protein with an unknown function. |
Botrytis virus F |
| Family Hadakaviridae Mycovirus associated genera Hadakavirus |
Multisegmented genomes around 14 to 15 kb in total size. | RNA 1: Encodes for an RdRp. RNA3: Encodes for a Mtf. RNA 2, 4–7, 9 and 10: Encode for hypothetical proteins with an unknown function. RNA8: May encode for a C2H2-type zinc finger protein |
hadaka virus 1 |
| Family Hypoviridae Mycovirus associated genera Alphahypovirus Betahypovirus Epsilonhypovirus Etahypovirus Thetahypovirus |
Non-segmented genomes around 9.1 to 12.7 kb in size | Consist of 1–2 ORFs Encodes for a polyprotein containing RdRp and sometimes protease, Hel, and Gtf domains. Some hypoviruses also have short, internally deleted, defective interfering replicative forms of dsRNA molecules, while others have replicative forms of satellite like RNAs |
Alphahypovirus
Cryphonectria hypovirus 2 Betahypovirus: Cryphonectria hypovirus 4 Epsilonhypovirus: Agaricus bisporus virus 2 Etahypovirus: Sclerotium rolfsii hypovirus 8 Thetahypovirus: Botrytis cinerea hypovirus 4 |
| Family Mitoviridae Mycovirus associated genera Unuamitovirus Duamitovirus Triamitovirus Kvaramitovirus |
Non-segmented genomes around 2.0 kbp to 4.5 kb in size | Consists of 1 ORF encoding for an RdRp |
Unuamitovirus: Botrytis cinerea mitovirus 2 Duamitovirus: Alternaria alternata mitovirus 1 Triamitovirus: Rhizoctonia solani mitovirus 30 Kvaramitovirus: Ophiostoma mitovirus 7 |
| Family Narnaviridae Mycovirus associated genera Narnavirus |
Non-segmented genomes around 2.3 to 3.6 kb in size | Consists of 1 ORF encoding for an RdRp | Saccharomyces 20S RNA narnavirus |
| Family Yadokariviridae Mycovirus associated genera Alphayadokarivirus Betayadokarivirus |
Non-segmented genomes around 3.6 to 6.3 kb in size | Genome consists of a 1–2 ORFs encoding for a polyprotein. Alphayadokarivirus Consist of 1 ORF which encodes for a polyprotein with an RdRp domain, 2A-like self-cleaving peptide and a hypothetical protein domain with an unknown function. Betayadokarivirus Consist of 1 or 2 ORFs encoding for a polyprotein, which may or may not include a 2A-like self-cleaving peptide. The polyprotein contains an RdRp domain (5′ proximal ORF), and a hypothetical protein domain (3′ proximal ORF) with an unknown function. |
yado-kari virus 2 |
Compiled using data from the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV): https://ictv.global/taxonomy/ (accessed on 27 March 2023). Hamid, et al. [234], Li, Zheng, Cheng, Chen, Fu, Jiang and Xie [235].), Ma, Zhang, Qi, Zhang, Ma, Jiang, Qin and Qi [172], Li, Sun, Yu, Chen, Liu, Yin, Guang, Yang and Mo [295].