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. 2023 May 10;15(10):2266. doi: 10.3390/nu15102266

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Forest plots demonstrating the association between high UPF intake and NAFLD when studies (a) directly referenced NOVA, (b) did not directly reference NOVA [24,25,26,27,34,35,36,37,38].