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. 2023 May 20;8(5):287. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed8050287

Table 2.

Pharmaceutical care models and the effects on increasing tuberculosis patient detection.

No. PC Models Authors Setting Area Outcomes
1 Pharmacy personnel screened TB signs and symptoms in their pharmacy to identify presumptive TB patients, then referred the patient to a health facility for further TB examination. Ullah et al., 2020 [11] Community
  • The community pharmacy engaged: 500 pharmacies;

  • The visitors referred by the pharmacy: 3025 visitors;

  • The visitors who have visited HCF after the referral was made: 1901 visitors;

  • The visitors diagnosed with TB: 547 visitors.

Lonnroth et al., 2003 [12] Community
  • The community pharmacy engaged: 150 pharmacies;

  • The visitors referred by the pharmacy: 310 visitors;

  • The visitors who visited HCF after the referral was made: 149 visitors;

  • The visitors diagnosed with TB: 10 visitors.

Lambert et al., 2005 [13] Community
  • The community pharmacy engaged: 70 pharmacies;

  • The visitors referred by the pharmacy: 41 visitors;

  • The visitors who visited HCF after the referral was made: 11 visitors;

  • The visitors diagnosed with TB: 3 visitors.

2 Pharmacists were granted the authority to prescribe, administer, and read TSTs. Jakeman et al., 2015 [15] Community
  • The total number of pharmacists included in the program: 43 people;

  • The total number of patients tested: 578 people;

  • The number of patients returned for the test interpretation: 536 people;

  • The positivity rate: 3.1%.

Hecox, 2008 [17] Community
  • The total number of pharmacists included in the program: 2 pharmacists;

  • The number TSTs administered: 18 TSTs;

  • The average duration of TSTs: less than 10 min;

  • The number of patients returned for the test interpretation: 17 patients;

  • The positivity rate: 0%.

Information: TB: tuberculosis; TST: tuberculin skin test; PC: pharmaceutical care; HCF: healthcare facility.