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. 2023 Apr 26;16(5):647. doi: 10.3390/ph16050647

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Effect of palm oil mill effluent-derived beta-carotene on streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy-associated visual acuity functions in optomotor response test. The numbers in parentheses represent a dose of mg/kg. The results are presented as the mean SEM, with n = 10 mice per group. a p < 0.05 versus the control group; b p < 0.05 versus the DR group. Abbreviations: DEX stands for dexamethasone; DR stands for diabetic retinopathy; PBC stands for palm oil mill effluent-derived beta-carotene; and SFT stands for spatial frequency threshold.