Table 2.
Effect of palm oil mill effluent-derived beta-carotene on retinal tissue biomarker changes.
| Groups | GSH (µmol/mg of Protein) |
TBARS (nmol/mg of Protein) |
Catalase (U/mg of Protein) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | 24.8 ± 1.5 | 1.3 ± 0.05 | 15.2 ± 1.4 |
| DR | 7.94 ± 1.4 a | 3.4 ± 0.08 a | 2.9 ± 1.3 a |
| DR + PBC (50) | 13.3 ± 1.2 b | 2.3 ± 0.03 b | 5.2 ± 0.8 b |
| DR + PBC (100) | 10.5 ± 1.4 b | 1.9 ± 0.04 b | 4.8 ± 0.3 b |
| DR + DEX (10) | 8.6 ± 1.7 b | 1.6 ± 0.07 b | 4.4 ± 1.2 b |
The numbers in parentheses represent a dose of mg/kg. The results are presented as the mean SEM, with n = 10 mice per group. a p < 0.5 versus the normal group. b p < 0.5 versus the DR group. Abbreviations: DEX stands for dexamethasone; GSH stands for reduced glutathione; PBC stands for palm oil mill effluent-derived beta-carotene; STZ stands for streptozotocin; and TBARS stands for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.