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. 2023 May 27;14:3069. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-38554-x

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — a Passage of iCarP at on-state through trocar: (i) folded iCarP (2.5 cm diameter) inserted into trocar (1.2 cm diameter), (ii) iCarP passing through the exit of trocar, (iii) an iCarP passed through trocar and unfolded, (iv) the unfolded iCarP was adhered onto the surface of porcine heart. b Schematic illustration of the minimally invasive implantation of iCarP in a canine model. T1: trocar 1 for grasping forceps; T2 trocar 2 for curved scissors; T3: trocar 3 for endoscope. c ICarP implantation under thoracoscopy in dogs without open-heart surgery. d Illustration of the steps of iCarP implantation: (i) opening pericardium; (ii) inserting iCarP; (iii) turning on illumination; (iv) adhering iCarP.