Table 4.
Crude incidence rates per 1000 person-years and crude and adjusted rate ratios of suicide mortality by opioid agonist treatment (OAT) exposure, demographic, and clinical information.
| Person-years | Suicides n | Crude incidence rate (95%CI) | Crude rate ratio (95%CI) | Adjusted rate ratio (95%CI) | Score (p-value) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure | ||||||
| In OAT (1–28 days) | - | 0.5 (0.2–1.5) | 0.93 (0.30–2.92) | 0.82 (0.18–3.67) | 119.1 (<.001) | |
| Out of OAT (1–28 days) | - | 9.6 (7.5–12.3) | 18.83 (13.97–25.38) | 17.39 (11.69–25.85) | ||
| In OAT (29+ days) | - | 0.5 (0.4–0.6) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Out of OAT (29+ days) | - | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) | 2.71 (2.18–3.38) | 2.81 (2.10–3.75) | ||
| Calendar year | ||||||
| 2014–2017 | 8.3 | |||||
| 111399 | 131 | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 1.49 (1.11–2.00) | 1.73 (1.28–2.34) | (0.041) | |
| 2010–2013 | 112339 | 111 | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 1.25 (0.93–1.70) | 1.43 (1.05–1.94) | |
| 2006–2009 | 111117 | 96 | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 1.10 (0.80–1.50) | 1.15 (0.83–1.58) | |
| 2002–2005 | 84948 | 67 | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 138239 | 93 | 0.7 (0.5–0.8) | 0.61 (0.48–0.77) | 0.58 (0.46–0.74) | 20.7 (<.001) |
| Male | 281563 | 312 | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Age | ||||||
| <=24 years | 27542 | 21 | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.75 (0.47–1.20) | 0.59 (0.37–0.95) | 7.0 (0.072) |
| 25–34 years | 132594 | 124 | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 0.92 (0.72–1.19) | 0.80 (0.62–1.05) | |
| 35–44 years | 144993 | 144 | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 0.98 (0.77–1.25) | 0.90 (0.70–1.15) | |
| >=45 years | 114672 | 116 | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Indigenous | ||||||
| Yes | 87097 | 68 | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.77 (0.59–1.00) | 0.70 (0.54–0.92) | 8.5(0.003) |
| No | 332704 | 337 | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Socio-economic status | ||||||
| Least Disadvantaged | 50661 | 58 | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | 1.52 (1.08–2.14) | 1.52 (1.08–2.13) | 5.5(0.243) |
| 2nd Quintile | 79899 | 76 | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 1.26 (0.92–1.73) | 1.26 (0.90–1.75) | |
| 3rd Quintile | 109540 | 110 | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 1.33 (0.99–1.78) | 1.31 (0.97–1.75) | |
| 4th Quintile | 78991 | 85 | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 1.43 (1.05–1.94) | 1.40 (1.03–1.92) | |
| Most Disadvantaged | 100711 | 76 | 0.8 (0.6–0.9) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Geographical remoteness | ||||||
| Major Cities of NSW | 316885 | 319 | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 1.20 (0.95–1.53) | 1.21 (0.95–1.54) | 0.7 (0.411) |
| Regional/Remote | 102916 | 86 | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| NSW | ||||||
| Recenta incarceration | ||||||
| Yes | 52015 | 67 | 1.3 (1.0–1.6) | 1.40 (1.08–1.82) | 1.13 (0.87–1.49) | 0.3 (0.584) |
| No | 367787 | 338 | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Received treatment in the past 12 months for... | ||||||
| Self-harm | ||||||
| Yes | 5960 | 42 | 7.0 (5.2–9.5) | 8.03 (5.84–11.06) | 5.19 (3.56–7.57) | 1.3 (0.260) |
| No | 413841 | 363 | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Severe mental health | ||||||
| Yes | 23349 | 66 | 2.8 (2.2–3.6) | 3.31 (2.54–4.30) | 2.45 (1.83–3.28) | 8.2 (0.004) |
| No | 396453 | 339 | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Depression/anxiety | ||||||
| Yes | 16281 | 86 | 5.3 (4.3–6.5) | 6.68 (5.27–8.48) | 5.39 (4.09–7.09) | 34.4 (<.001) |
| No | 403521 | 319 | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Overdose | ||||||
| Yes | 7557 | 49 | 6.5 (4.9–8.6) | 7.51 (5.57–10.12) | 5.12 (3.57–7.36) | 8.3 (0.004) |
| No | 412244 | 356 | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Injecting-related disease | ||||||
| Yes | 12662 | 31 | 2.4 (1.7–3.5) | 2.66 (1.85–3.84) | 2.08 (1.43–3.03) | 3.9 (0.049) |
| No | 407140 | 374 | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Assault | ||||||
| Yes | 4803 | 9 | 1.9 (1.0–3.6) | 1.96 (1.01–3.80) | 1.37 (0.69–2.69) | 0.0 (0.974) |
| No | 414999 | 396 | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | Ref. | Ref. | |
a
Past 12 months.
CI: Confidence intervals