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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 May 29.
Published in final edited form as: Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2023 Feb 26;77:50–58. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.02.008

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5.

Biological and psychosocial mechanisms that may contribute to the anti-depressant effects of exercise, along with examples of moderators and cofounding factors that may influence the study of these mechanistic relationships. (Reprinted with permission from Kendola et al.58).