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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ultrasonics. 2023 Apr 13;132:106993. doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.106993

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Overview of differential gene expression in KPC tumors from no treatment control (n=8), gem only (n=5) and pHIFU+gem (n=9) groups. Total RNA was isolated from the tumors and immune profiling performed using the Nanostring PanCancer Immune panel. Of 770 genes the expression of 39 genes was significantly different (p < 0.05) in gem only vs control group, and mostly related to upregulation of cancer-supporting immunosuppressive pathways, chemoresistance and tumorigenesis. Conversely, the majority of the 162 genes differentially expressed in pHIFU+gem vs gem only group were downregulated, and related to tumor-supporting complement pathways, chemoresistance and immunosuppression. Differential expression in pHIFU+gem vs control group thus represents a mixture of the two effects described above, with downregulation being dominant (60 out of 71 genes). Thus, pHIFU treatment appears to partially reverse immunosuppression, disrupt tumorigenic and complement pathways, and sensitize the tumors cells to chemotherapy.