Table 4.

Correlation of fetuin-A with essential metals in study subgroups

Biomarkers	Sub-Groups	Fetuin-A (ng/mL)		HOMA-IR		QUICKI
		r	p value	r	p value	r	p value
Cu2+ (μg/dL)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	0.306	0.021*	0.385	0.010*	−0.335	0.026*
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	−0.103	0.384	−0.122	0.304	0.035	0.768
	Non-Diabetic. Obese (NDO)	−0.114	0.500	−0.231	0.169	0.273	0.102
Mn2+ (μg/L)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	0.133	0.349	−0.191	0.175	0.118	0.404
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	−0.100	0.365	−0.095	0.392	0.002	0.987
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	−0.262	0.082	−0.113	0.084	0.084	0.584
Mg2+ (mg/dL)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	0.375	0.001*	0.247	0.026*	−0.240	0.041*
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	0.461	0.004*	0.170	0.271	−0.191	0.213
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	−0.248	0.052	0.045	0.789	−0.068	0.688
Fe2+ (μg/dl)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	−0.119	0.440	−0.186	0.228	0.127	0.411
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	−0.045	0.706	−0.156	0.188	0.155	0.189
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	−0.168	0.321	−0.186	0.270	0.254	0.129
Se2+ (μg/L)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	−0.054	0.728	−0.162	0.294	0.203	0.185
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	0.091	0.445	−0.121	0.307	0.001	0.992
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	−0.116	0.495	−0.226	0.179	0.133	0.434
Cr2+ (μg/L)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	0.062	0.688	0.236	0.123	−0.191	0.214
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	0.068	0.565	−0.152	0.199	0.200	0.090
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	0.103	0.543	−0.024	0.888	−0.061	0.720
Zn2+ (μg/dL)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	−0.004	0.979	−0.152	0.326	0.185	0.229
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	−0.067	0.571	−0.121	0.310	0.015	0.900
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	−0.299	0.072	−0.188	0.264	0.123	0.469

Abbreviations: r Pearson correlation coefficient. Pearson correlation was analyzed for correlation. *p value <0.05 is considered statistically significant