Table 5.

Univariate and multivariate linear regression model as fetuin-A dependent variables

Biomarkers	Sub-Groups	Univariate Beta coefficient	p value	Multivariate Beta coefficient	p value
Cu2+ (μg/dL)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	0.266	<0.0001*	0.315	0.103
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	−0.103	<0.0001*	−0.144	0.272
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	−0.114	<0.0001*	0.045	0.825
Mn2+ (μg/L)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	0.133	0.059	–	–
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	−0.100	<0.0001*	−0.078	0.505
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	−0.262	<0.0001*	−0.206	0.217
Mg2+ (mg/dL)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	−0.248	<0.0001*	0.507	<0.0001*
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	0.375	<0.0001*	−0.521	0.003*
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	−0.461	<0.0001*	−0.212	0.281
Fe2+ (μg/dl)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	−0.119	<0.0001*	0.025	0.906
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	−0.045	<0.0001*	−0.066	0.575
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	−0.168	<0.0001*	0.139	0.484
Se2+ (μg/L)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	−0.054	<0.0001*	−0.166	0.416
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	0.091	<0.0001*	0.209	0.159
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	−0.116	<0.0001*	0.261	0.237
Cr2+ (μg/L)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	0.062	<0.0001*	0.109	0.557
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	−0.068	<0.0001*	−0.075	0.563
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	0.103	<0.0001*	0.080	0.613
Zn2+ (μg/dL)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	−0.004	<0.0001*	−0.038	0.865
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	−0.067	<0.0001*	−0.229	0.127
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	−0.299	<0.0001*	−0.452	0.073
Insulin (μIU/ml)	Diabetic Obese (DO)	0.034	<0.0001*	−0.093	0.627
	Diabetic Non-Obese (DNO)	0.078	<0.0001*	0.184	0.118
	Non-Diabetic Obese (NDO)	0.093	<0.0001*	0.162	0.338

Abbreviations: DO Diabetic Obese, DNO Diabetic Non-Obese, DNO Diabetic Non-Obese. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was done to predict the independent marker. *p value <0.05 is considered statistically significant