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. 2023 May 15;13:1184081. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1184081

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Numbers of antibiotic-resistant (E) coli isolates across locations, sources, and sampling periods. Panel (A): Percentage resistances of E. coli isolates against 24 antibiotics across three locations A, B, and C Bar chart, see legend for different antibiotics prevalence. Panel (B): Prevalence of antibiotic resistance based on location without consideration of different sources or particular antibiotics (location A n=216, location B n=160, location C n=32), source (HU n=81, SH n=73, SI n=96, SO n=106, RU n=21, RD n=31), and sampling period (sampling period 1 n=217, sampling period n=191). Box and whiskers plots show median and quartiles in antibiotic resistance based on different characteristics. Sources HU – UTI isolates, RD – downstream river water, RU – upstream river water, SH – hospital wastewater, SI -WWTP inflow, SO – WWTP outflow. Number of isolates in Location A: UTI (n=42), SH (n=30), SI (n=55), SO (n=56), RU (n=12), RD (n=21). Location B: UTI (n=30), SH (n=20), SI (n=41), SO (n=50), RU (n=9), RD (n=10). Location C: UTI (n=9), SH (n=23). Antibiotic AMK, amikacin; AMP, ampicillin; AMS, ampicillin + sulbactam; AZT, aztreonam; CAZ, ceftazidime; CEP, cefepime; CFZ, cefazolin; CIP, ciprofloxacin; CMP, chloramphenicol; COL, colistin; CPS, cefoperazone + sulbactam; CPZ, cefoperazone; CTX, cefotaxime; CXM, cefuroxime; ERT, ertapenem; GEN, gentamicin; MER, meropenem; NET, netilmicin; PIP, piperacillin; PIT, piperacillin + tazobactam; T/S, co-trimoxazole; TET, tetracycline; TGC, tigecycline; TOB, tobramycin.