Table 4.
Changes of CGM-derived metrics in the CGM user group at baseline and the endpoint.
| Variables | 3 months | 6 months | 9 months | 12 months | P-valuea | P-valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 139) | (N = 128) | (N = 128) | (N = 139) | |||
| TIR (%) | 64.5 ± 17.7 | 64.0 ± 19.2 | 66.9 ± 17.5 | 67.4 ± 18.2 | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| TIR >70% | 37.4% (N = 52) | 39.1% (N = 50) | 44.5% (N = 57) | 48.2% (N = 67) | <0.001 | 0.045 |
| TBR (<54 mg/dl) (%) | 0.8 ± 2.1 | 1.2 ± 4.0 | 0.9 ± 1.6 | 0.7 ± 1.5 | 0.293 | 0.328 |
| TBR-54 <1% | 77.0% (N = 107) | 74.2% (N = 95) | 73.4% (N = 94) | 82.0% (N = 114) | <0.001 | 0.367 |
| TBR (<70 mg/dl) (%) | 3.4 ± 4.5 | 4.1 ± 6.2 | 3.6 ± 4.3 | 3.0 ± 3.3 | 0.198 | 0.214 |
| TBR-70 <4% | 74.8% (N = 104) | 68.0% (N = 87) | 70.3% (N = 90) | 68.4% (N = 95) | <0.001 | 0.317 |
| TAR (>180 mg/dl) (%) | 31.9 ± 18.7 | 31.9 ± 20.7 | 29.3 ± 18.6 | 29.5 ± 18.7 | 0.021 | 0.010 |
| TAR-180 <25% | 36.0% (N = 50) | 40.6% (N = 52) | 46.1% (N = 59) | 43.9% (N = 61) | <0.001 | 0.122 |
| TAR (>250 mg/dl) (%) | 10.9 ± 11.0 | 11.2 ± 12.8 | 9.3 ± 10.0 | 9.5 ± 11.9 | 0.032 | 0.012 |
| TAR-250 <5% | 35.3% (N = 49) | 38.3% (N = 49) | 49.2% (N = 63) | 47.5% (N = 66) | <0.001 | 0.012 |
| CV (%) | 35.8 ± 5.9 | 35.7 ± 6.1 | 35.5 ± 5.8 | 34.9 ± 6.1 | 0.014 | 0.023 |
| CV ≤36% | 50.4% (N = 70) | 49.2% (N = 63) | 53.1% (N = 68) | 58.3% (N = 81) | <0.001 | 0.147 |
| GMI (%) | 7.2 ± 1.0 | 7.2 ± 1.1 | 7.1 ± 1.0 | 7.1 ± 1.1 | 0.078 | 0.046 |
| GMI ≤7% | 46.8% (N = 65) | 50.8% (N = 65) | 53.9% (N = 69) | 55.4% (N = 77) | <0.001 | 0.128 |
| Mean glucose (mg/dl) | 160.2 ± 32.8 | 159.5 ± 37.6 | 155.7 ± 31.4 | 157.1 ± 32.8 | 0.073 | 0.043 |
| Active percentage of CGM (%) | 84.1 ± 16.2 | 84.1 ± 16.9 | 87.5 ± 14.0 | 87.5 ± 14.2 | 0.046 | 0.020 |
| Median days | 74.9 ± 15.6 | 75.7 ± 15.2 | 76.9 ± 15.8 | 77.8 ± 14.4 | 0.088 | 0.080 |
CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; CV, coefficient of variation; GMI, glucose management indicator; TAR, time above range; TBR, time below range; TIR, time in range.
aPaired t-test for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables between 3 and 12 months.
bLinear mixed-effect analysis for continuous variables and the Cochran–Armitage trend test for categorical variables from 3 to 12 months.