Effect size of sex, age, and blood counts on relative mtDNA copy number (rmtCN)
(A) Effect sizes were estimated jointly using linear regression in the combined sample (AFR+EUR) or separately in the AFR and EUR cohorts. The whiskers represent the 95% confidence intervals of the point estimate. Effect sizes are displayed in units of standard deviation of lrmtCN.
(B) Blue curves represent the predicted values of lrmtCN based on the conditional effects of each predictor (x axis). Actual data are overlaid as gray points. Age is expressed in years, whereas blood counts are expressed in 1,000 cells/ L of blood.