Table 1.
Summary Characteristics of Included Studies
| Author, Year | Country | Age | Sex | Health status | Sample size |
Diet index assessment | Comparison | No. of variables in adjustments | Outcome | Quality score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Adeomi et al. 2022 [30] |
Nigeria | 6–19 years old | G/B | Healthy | 1200 | 30 days-FFQ |
DDS < 4 food groups VS. DDS ≥ 4 food groups |
5 | Thinness | 10 |
|
Mulu Birru et al. 2021 [41] |
Ethiopia | 14–15 years old | G/B | Healthy | 364 | 24-h recall |
DDS ≥ 5 food groups vs. DDS < 5 food groups |
26 | Stunting | 10 |
|
Mersha et al. 2021 [17] |
Ethiopia | 10–19 years old | G | Healthy | 706 | 24-h recall |
DDS ≥ 5 food groups vs. DDS < 5 food groups |
12 | Stunting/ Wasting | 10 |
|
Patil et al. 2021 [27] |
India | 16–18 years old | G | Healthy | 586 | 24-h recall |
DDS < 3 food groups vs. DDS ≥ 3 food groups |
NOT Adjusted | Stunting/ Thinness | 7 |
|
Yasuoka et al. 2020 [21] |
Ethiopia | 6–15 years old | G/B | HIV | 298 | 24-h recall |
DDS 5–7 groups vs. DDS 0–4 groups |
10 | Stunting/ Wasting | 8 |
|
Shiferaw et al. 2020 [32] |
Ethiopia | 10–19 years old | G/B | HIV | 260 | 24-h recall |
DDS < 6 food groups vs. DDS ≥ 6 food groups |
NOT Adjusted | Stunting/ Thinness | 7 |
|
Kahssay et al. 2020 [18] |
Ethiopia | 10–19 years old | G | Healthy | 340 | 24-h recall |
DDS < 4 food groups vs. DDS ≥ 4 food groups |
10 | Stunting/ Thinness | 10 |
|
Gezahegn et al. 2020 [31] |
Ethiopia | 5–15 years old | G/B | HIV | 405 | Not reported |
DDS < 4 food groups vs. DDS ≥ 4 food groups |
5 | Stunting | 10 |
|
Tariku et al. 2019 [55] |
Ethiopia | 10–19 years old | G | Healthy | 1550 | 24-h recall |
DDS < 4 food groups vs. DDS ≥ 4 food groups |
NOT Reported | Stunting | 7 |
|
Jikamo et al. 2019 [20] |
Ethiopia | 13–17 years old | G/B | Healthy | 2084 | 7days-recall |
DDS DDS > 9–12 food groups |
S: 6 T:7 |
Stunting | 10 |
|
Getaneh et al. [19] 2019 |
Ethiopia | 6–14 years old | G/B | Healthy | 523 | 24-h recall |
DDS ≥ 7 food groups vs. DDS < 4 food groups |
4 | Stunting | 10 |
| Engidaw et al. 2019 [56] | Ethiopia | 10–19 | G | Healthy | 423 | 24-h recall |
DDS DDS > 6food groups |
4 | Stunting | 8 |
|
Belay et al. 2019 [48] |
Ethiopia | 5–14 years old | G/B | Healthy | 848 | 24-h recall |
DDS < 4 food groups vs. DDS ≥ 4 food groups |
4 | Thinness | 8 |
|
Aiga et al. 2019 [25] |
Madagascar | 5–14 years old | G/B | Healthy | 205 | 24-h recall |
DDS DDS > 9–12 food groups |
16 | Thinness | 10 |
|
Tariku et al. 2018 [57] |
Ethiopia | 6–14 years old | G/B | Healthy | 389 | 24-h recall |
DDS < 4 food groups vs. DDS ≥ 4 food groups |
4 | Stunting/ Thinness | 10 |
|
Radhika et al. 2018 [26] |
India | 10–19 years old | G | Healthy | 3930 | 24-h recall |
DDS > 5 food groups vs. DDS ≤ 5 food groups |
NOT Reported | Thinness | 8 |
|
Getachew et al. 2017 [58] |
Ethiopia | 7–14 years old | G/B | Healthy | 511 | 24-h recall |
DDS < 4 food groups vs. DDS ≥ 4 food groups |
4 | Stunting | 10 |
|
Wassie et al. 2015 [28] |
Sri Lanka | 10–19 years old | G | Healthy | 1281 | 24-h recall |
DDS < 3 food groups vs. DDS > 6 food groups |
4 | Thinness | 10 |
|
Darapheak et al. 2013 [59] |
Cambodia | 6–14 years old | G/B | Healthy | 523 | 24-h recall |
DDS ≥ 7 food groups vs. DDS < 4 food groups |
8 | Stunting | 9 |
|
Niranjala et al. 2011 [29] |
Sri Lanka | 13–16 years old | G/B | Healthy | 205 | 24-h recall |
DDS > 5 food groups vs. DDS ≤ 5 food groups |
10 | Thinness | 9 |
MDD: Minimum Dietary Diversity, DDS: Dietary Diversity Score, S: Stunting, W: Wasting, B: boy, G: girl