Table 2.

CDs synthesized from CA.

Starting materials	Synthesis method	Band shifting (Y/N)	Reference
CA, urea	Autoclave–microwave, melted, solvent free	N	[122]
CA, urea	Microwave, open/sealed vessel, water	Y (gCDin)	[123]
CA	Microwave-assisted solvothermal	Y	[128]
CA, EDA	Hydrothermal	Y (UVCDs)	[130]
CA, MEA	Hydrothermal	Y	[131]
CA, urea/DAP	Heating mantle, solvent free	Y	[132]
CA, urea	Microwave, open vessel, water	Y	[134]
CA, urea	Microwave, open vessel, water	Y	[135]
CA, EDA	Hydrothermal	Y	[136]
CA, EA	Pyrolysis	Y	[137]
CA, urea	Hydrothermal	N	[185]
CA, EDA	Microwave, open vessel, water	Y	[139]
CA, LPEI	Autoclave, water	Y	[140]

EDA, ethylenediamine; MEA, monoethanolamine; DAP, diaminopropane; EA, ethanolamine; LPEI, linear polyethyleneimine