Table 3.
Clinical parameters of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 genotypes for idiopathic infertility patients
| Genotype | Fluoride | Semen parameters | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Semen (µg l−1) | Blood (µg l−1) | Urine (µg l−1) | Semen volume (ml) | Sperm concentration (×106 ml−1) | Sperm motility (%) | Sperm morphology (%) | |||
| GSTM1(+) (n=131) | 0.32±0.09* | 0.67±0.26* | 0.59±0.21* | 3.56±0.37 | 14.23±1.39* | 36.11±3.46* | 8.82±1.28* | ||
| GSTM1(-) (n=84) | 0.65±0.08 | 0.96±0.28 | 0.82±0.24 | 3.61±0.41 | 9.52±0.79 | 19.52±1.87 | 6.43±1.47 | ||
| GSTT1(+) (n=113) | 0.36±0.08* | 0.73±0.23* | 0.62±0.19* | 3.82±0.64 | 17.38±2.13* | 35.24±4.82* | 8.06±1.32* | ||
| GSTT1(-) (n=102) | 0.71±0.10 | 1.02±0.21 | 0.85±0.18 | 3.78±0.60 | 11.30±1.62 | 17.66±2.74 | 6.10±1.14 | ||
| GSTP1 A/A (n=135) | 0.42±0.18* | 0.69±0.41* | 0.49±0.19* | 3.61±0.52 | 14.96±2.35* | 30.74±11.35* | 5.47±1.27* | ||
| GSTP1 A/G+G/G (n=80) | 0.92±0.21 | 0.93±0.32 | 0.47±0.21 | 3.42±0.49 | 9.89±2.02 | 15.28±5.48 | 4.85±1.06 | ||
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| Genotype | OS biomarkers | Sex hormone levels | MMP (%) | DFI (%) | |||||
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| 8-OHdG (ng ml−1) | NO (nmol ml−1) | TAC (µmol l−1) | MDA (nmol ml−1) | FSH (IU l−1) | T (nmol l−1) | LH (IU l−1) | |||
|
| |||||||||
| GSTM1(+) (n=131) | 298.66±60.19* | 35.74±5.88* | 1.76±0.30* | 22.48±3.56* | 8.54±0.64 | 15.24±2.92* | 7.65±0.79* | 28.86±4.11* | 25.12±4.88* |
| GSTM1(-) (n=84) | 400.92±86.23 | 30.26±5.12 | 1.39±0.28 | 29.96±3.80 | 8.48±0.66 | 14.12±2.58 | 7.06±0.68 | 20.69±3.43 | 28.98±5.02 |
| GSTT1(+) (n=113) | 264.82±68.24* | 36.06±5.64* | 1.68±0.35* | 24.56±4.08* | 9.09±0.66* | 16.50±2.06* | 7.10±0.72 | 29.18±4.03* | 25.88±3.23* |
| GSTT1(-) (n=102) | 360.92±70.93 | 30.81±4.72 | 1.23±0.26 | 32.98±4.84 | 8.89±0.82 | 13.84±1.88 | 6.98±0.77 | 19.69±3.09 | 30.64±2.42 |
| GSTP1 A/A (n=135) | 352.45±98.72* | 38.68±6.35* | 1.54±0.29* | 27.46±4.71* | 10.04±0.76 | 12.68±3.45* | 6.09±0.42* | 20.38±2.56* | 23.45±3.68* |
| GSTP1 A/G+G/G (n=80) | 470.23±121.06 | 28.14±6.30 | 1.21±0.34 | 36.35±5.64 | 9.98±0.81 | 9.55±1.93 | 5.16±0.35 | 14.36±1.69 | 29.74±3.75 |
*P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. P values were calculated by the Wilcoxon rank sum test because of the skewness of the fluoride data. The data are expressed as mean±s.d. (+): present genotype; (-): null genotype. GSTM1: glutathione S-transferase M1; GSTT1: glutathione S-transferase T1; GSTP1: glutathione S-transferase P1; A/A: wild-type genotype; G/G: homozygous mutation genotype; A/G: heterozygous mutation genotype; OS: oxidative stress; 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxydesoxyguanosine; NO: nitric oxide; TAC: total antioxidant capacity; MDA: malondialdehyde; FSH: follicle-stimulating hormone; LH: luteinizing hormone; T: testosterone; MMP: mitochondrial membrane potential; DFI: DNA fragmentation index; s.d.: standard deviation; TSH: thyroid stimulating hormone