Table 1.

Results of heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests

Sleep trait	P value of MR-PRESSO	MR-Egger intercept	Q-df value by IVW	Q-df value by MR-Egger
Insomnia	0.714	0.00198*	195*	194*
Sleep duration	0.451	0.00475*	67*	66*
Short sleep duration	0.979	−0.02125*	4*	3*
Long sleep duration	0.655	−0.02150*	21*	20*
Morningness	0.382	0.00070*	292*	291*

^*P>0.05. IVW: inverse-variance-weighting; MR: Mendelian randomization; MR-PRESSO: MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier; df: degree of freedom