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. 2023 Mar 21;35(6):2413–2428. doi: 10.1093/plcell/koad088

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

GRF6 and GRF8 are required for pattern-triggered MAP kinase activation. A and B) Pattern-triggered MAP kinase activation is impaired in g6 g8 double mutant plants. Seedlings were sprayed with flg22 (A) or chitin (B), and samples were harvested at the indicated times for immunoblot analysis using an anti-pERK antibody. MAP kinase activation is indicated by the accumulation of phosphorylated MPK3, MPK4, and MPK6 (abbreviated as pMPK3, pMPK4, and pMPK6). Anti-ACTIN immunoblotting was used as a loading control. C) MAP kinase activation in Col-0 and g6 g8 plants at different time points following inoculation with the indicated bacterial strains. Seedlings were infiltrated with Pst DC3000 carrying avrRpt2, and samples were harvested at the indicated times for immunoblotting analysis using an anti-pERK antibody. Anti-ACTIN immunoblotting was used as a loading control. Numbers above the lanes in the blots show relative band intensity quantified by Image J software and normalized to the level of actin. Each experiment was repeated 3 times with similar results, and results from one representative experiment are shown.