FIGURE 3.

Site-specific inhibitory mechanisms of Aβ42 aggregation by catechol-type flavonoids (Sato et al., 2013a). Reproduced with permission from Sato et al., 2013b. Catechol-type flavanonols (e.g., (+)-taxifolin) or flavonols (e.g., quercetin) were oxidized to form corresponding o-quinones on B-ring, followed by the formation of adducts by Lys16 and Lys28 of Aβ42. Because Lys16 and Lys28 are incorporated in the intermolecular β-sheet region (Murakami et al., 2005), Aβ42 aggregates would be destabilized by the adduct formation.