TABLE 1.
Demographic characteristics and results of Cox regression analysis in the dataset.
| Dataset (n = 175) | MOF (n = 28) | Cox regression analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||||
| p‐Value | Risk ratio (95%CI) | p‐Value | Risk ratio (95%CI) | |||
| Female gender | 137 (78.3) | 23 (82.1) | 0.61 | |||
| Age, year‐old | 70.2 (14.6) | 74.6 (10.3) | 0.10 | |||
| Follow‐up length, months | 52.9 (16.9) | 15.8 (12.3) | <0.001 | |||
| Presence of incident MOF | 28 (16.0) | 28 (100) | – | |||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.2 (4.1) | 22.8 (3.1) | 0.33 | |||
| Number of BMI < 18 | 23 (13.1%) | 2 (7.1%) | 0.16 | |||
| Number of BMI > 30 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – | |||
| BMD in LS, g/cm2 | 0.734 (0.215) | 0.782 (0.121) | 0.19 | |||
| BMD in FN, g/cm2 | 0.659 (0.152) | 0.617 (0.119) | 0.14 | |||
| T‐score in LS | −2.21 (1.75) | −2.70 (0.98) | 0.14 | |||
| T‐score in FN | −2.04 (1.23) | −2.39 (0.97) | 0.12 | |||
| CysC/Cr | 1.49 (0.29) | 1.59 (0.22) | <0.05 | 4.15 (1.09–15.80) | 0.39 | 1.94 (0.42–8.87) |
| Presence of lifestyle‐related diseases | 113 (64.6) | 24 (85.7) | <0.05 | 3.60 (1.25–10.40) | <0.05 | 2.92 (1.00–8.54) |
| Presence of hyper fall‐ability | 59 (33.7) | 19 (67.9) | <0.001 | 4.90 (2.21–10.86) | <0.01 | 3.93 (1.73–8.95) |
| Presence of CKD ≥ Grade3a | 49 (28.3) | 10 (37.0) | <0.05 | 2.57 (1.21–5.43) | 0.33 | 1.46 (0.68–3.17) |
| Presence of cognitive impairment | 12 (6.9) | 3 (10.7) | 0.77 | |||
| Presence of rheumatoid arthritis | 54 (30.9) | 11 (39.3) | 0.70 | |||
| Presence of prevalent MOF | 77 (44.0) | 21 (75.0) | <0.001 | 5.25 (1.58–17.39) | 0.06 | 2.46 (0.68–6.32) |
| Antiosteoporotic drug administration | 92 (52.6) | 19 (67.9) | 0.27 | |||
| Vitamin D supplementation | 170 (97.1) | 22 (78.6) | 0.18 | |||
| Glucocorticoid steroid administration | 12 (6.9) | 2 (7.1) | 0.89 | |||
| Presence of polypharmacy | 47 (26.9) | 10 (35.7) | 0.46 | |||
| Current smoking habitat | 7 (4.0) | 2 (7.1) | 0.29 | |||
| Alcohol drinking habitat | 12 (6.9) | 4 (14.3) | 0.11 | |||
Note: The values are presented as mean (SD) unless indicated otherwise. In the other, number of cases and percentage are presented.
Abbreviations: BMD, bone mineral density; BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney diseases; CysC/Cr, serum cystatin C‐to‐creatinine ratio; FN, femoral neck; LS, lumbar spine; MOF, major osteoporotic fracture.