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. 2023 Mar 30;21(4):988–1000. doi: 10.2174/1570159X20666220327212414

Fig. (3).

Fig. (3)

Mechanisms of MSC in PD. VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; GDNF: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor; Ang 1: Angiopoietin 1; NGF: Nerve growth factor; IGF-1: Insulin-like growth factor 1; NT-3: Neurotrophin-3; NK cells: Natural killer cells.